מַסֶּכֶת בְּרָכוֹת
Berachos 52a · Gemara · Transliteration · Translation
52a:1
וְרַבִּיVerabbi
יְהוֹשֻׁעַYehoshua
And Rabbi Yehoshua
הִיא,Hi
<<it is,
דְּאָמַר:Deomar
<<who said:
אֵיןEin
<<They do not
מַשְׁגִּיחִיןMashgichin
<<pay attention
בְּבַתBevas
קוֹל.Kol
<<to a heavenly voice.
52a:2
וְסָבְרִיVesovri
And do hold
בֵּיתBeis
שַׁמַּאיShammay
<<Beis Shammai
דְּבִרְכַּתDevirkas
<<that the blessing of
הַיּוֹםHayyom
<<the day
עֲדִיפָא?Adifo
<<is preferable?
וְהָתַנְיָא:Vehosanyo
<<But isn't it taught:
הַנִּכְנָסHannichnos
<<One who enters
לְבֵיתוֹLeveiso
<<his house
בְּמוֹצָאֵיBemotzoei
<<at the departure of
שַׁבָּת,Shabbos
<<Shabbos
מְבָרֵךְMevoreiche
<<blesses
עַלAl
<<over
הַיַּיִןHayyayin
<<the wine
וְעַלVe'al
<<and over
הַמָּאוֹרHammoor
<<the light
וְעַלVe'al
<<and over
הַבְּשָׂמִים,Habbesomim
<<the spices,
וְאַחַרVeachar
כָּךְKoch
<<and afterward
אוֹמֵרOmeir
<<he says
הַבְדָּלָה.Havdolo
<<havdalah.
וְאִםVeim
<<And if
אֵיןEin
<<there is not
לוֹLo
<<to him
אֶלָּאEllo
<<except
כּוֹסKos
<<a cup
אֶחָד,Echod
<<one,
מַנִּיחוֹMannicho
<<he leaves it
לְאַחַרLeachar
<<for after
הַמָּזוֹןHammozon
<<the food
וּמְשַׁלְשְׁלָןVmshalshlon
<<and strings them
כּוּלָּןKullon
<<all
לְאַחֲרָיו.Leacharoyv
<<after it.
52a:3
וְהָא,Veho
But this —
מִמַּאיMimmay
<<from where [do we know]
דְּבֵיתDeveis
שַׁמַּאיShammay
<<that Beis Shammai
הִיא?Hi
<<it is?
דִּלְמָאDilmo
<<Perhaps
בֵּיתBeis
הִלֵּלHilleil
<<Beis Hillel
הִיא?!Hi
<<it is?!
52a:4
לָאLo
Not
סָלְקָאSolko
דַּעְתָּךְ,Datoch
<<it enters your mind,
דְּקָתָנֵיDekosonei
<<for it teaches
מָאוֹרMoor
<<light
וְאַחַרVeachar
כָּךְKoch
<<and afterward
בְּשָׂמִים,Besomim
<<spices;
וּמַאןVman
<<and whom
שָׁמְעַתְּShomatte
<<have you heard
לֵיהּLeih
<<say it [lit. him],
דְּאִיתDeis
<<who has
לֵיהּLeih
<<for him
הַאיHay
<<this
סְבָרָאSevoro
<<reasoning?
בֵּיתBeis
שַׁמַּאי,Shammay
<<Beis Shammai,
דְּתַנְיָאDesanyo
<<as it is taught:
אָמַרOmar
רַבִּיRabbi
יְהוּדָה:Yehudo
<<Rabbi Yehuda said:
לֹאLo
<<Did not
נֶחְלְקוּNechlku
<<disagree
בֵּיתBeis
שַׁמַּאיShammay
<<Beis Shammai
וּבֵיתVveis
הִלֵּלHilleil
<<and Beis Hillel
עַלAl
<<about
הַמָּזוֹןHammozon
<<the food,
שֶׁבִּתְחִלָּהShebbischillo
<<that is at the beginning,
וְעַלVe'al
<<and about
הַבְדָּלָהHavdolo
<<havdalah,
שֶׁהִיאShehi
<<that it is
בַּסּוֹף,Bassof
<<at the end;
עַלAl
<<about
מָהMo
<<what
נֶחְלְקוּNechlku
<<did they disagree?
עַלAl
<<About
הַמָּאוֹרHammoor
<<the light
וְעַלVe'al
<<and about
הַבְּשָׂמִים.Habbesomim
<<the spices:
בֵּיתBeis
שַׁמַּאיShammay
<<Beis Shammai
אוֹמְרִים:Omerim
<<say:
מָאוֹרMoor
<<Light
וְאַחַרVeachar
כָּךְKoch
<<and afterward
בְּשָׂמִים,Besomim
<<spices;
וּבֵיתVveis
הִלֵּלHilleil
<<and Beis Hillel
אוֹמְרִים:Omerim
<<say:
בְּשָׂמִיםBesomim
<<Spices
וְאַחַרVeachar
כָּךְKoch
<<and afterward
מָאוֹר.Moor
<<light.
52a:5
וּמִמַּאיVmimmay
And from where [do we know]
דְּבֵיתDeveis
שַׁמַּאיShammay
<<that Beis Shammai
הִיאHi
<<it is,
וְאַלִּיבָּאVeallibbo
<<and according to
דְּרַבִּיDerabbi
יְהוּדָה,Yehudo
<<Rabbi Yehuda?
דִּילְמָאDilmo
<<Perhaps
בֵּיתBeis
הִלֵּלHilleil
<<Beis Hillel
הִיאHi
<<it is,
וְאַלִּיבָּאVeallibbo
<<and according to
דְּרַבִּיDerabbi
מֵאִיר?!Meiir
<<Rabbi Meir?!
52a:6
לָאLo
Not
סָלְקָאSolko
דַּעְתָּךְ,Datoch
<<it enters your mind,
דְּקָתָנֵיDekosonei
<<for it teaches
הָכָאHocho
<<here
בְּמַתְנִיתִין,Bemasnisin
<<in our Mishnah:
בֵּיתBeis
שַׁמַּאיShammay
<<Beis Shammai
אוֹמְרִים:Omerim
<<say:
נֵרNeir
<<Lamp
וּמָזוֹןVmozon
<<and food,
בְּשָׂמִיםBesomim
<<spices
וְהַבְדָּלָה,Vehavdolo
<<and havdalah;
וּבֵיתVveis
הִלֵּלHilleil
<<and Beis Hillel
אוֹמְרִים:Omerim
<<say:
נֵרNeir
<<Lamp
וּבְשָׂמִיםVvsomim
<<and spices,
מָזוֹןMozon
<<food
וְהַבְדָּלָה,Vehavdolo
<<and havdalah;
וְהָתָםVehosom
<<and there,
בְּבָרַיְיתָאBevorayyso
<<in the baraisa,
קָתָנֵיKosonei
<<it teaches:
אִםIm
<<If
אֵיןEin
<<there is not
לוֹLo
<<to him
אֶלָּאEllo
<<except
כּוֹסKos
<<a cup
אֶחָד,Echod
<<one,
מַנִּיחוֹMannicho
<<he leaves it
לְאַחַרLeachar
<<for after
הַמָּזוֹן,Hammozon
<<the food
וּמְשַׁלְשְׁלָןVmshalshlon
<<and strings them
כּוּלָּןKullon
<<all
לְאַחֲרָיו.Leacharoyv
<<after it.
שְׁמַעShema
מִינַּהּMinnah
<<Learn from it:
דְּבֵיתDeveis
שַׁמַּאיShammay
<<that Beis Shammai
הִיאHi
<<it is,
וְאַלִּיבָּאVeallibbo
<<and according to
דְּרַבִּיDerabbi
יְהוּדָה.Yehudo
<<Rabbi Yehuda.
52a:7
וּמִכׇּלVmikkol
מָקוֹםMokom
And in any case
קַשְׁיָא.Kashyo
<<it is difficult!
קָאKo
סָבְרִיSovri
<<They hold,
בֵּיתBeis
שַׁמַּאיShammay
<<Beis Shammai:
שָׁאנֵיShonei
<<Is different
עַיּוֹלֵיAyyolei
<<bringing in
יוֹמָאYomo
<<the day
מֵאַפּוֹקֵיMeiappokei
<<from taking out
יוֹמָא.Yomo
<<the day.
עַיּוֹלֵיAyyolei
<<Bringing in
יוֹמָא,Yomo
<<the day —
כַּמָּהKammo
<<the more
דְּמַקְדְּמִינַןDemakdminan
<<that we advance
לֵיהּLeih
<<it,
עֲדִיף.Adif
<<the better;
אַפּוֹקֵיAppokei
<<taking out
יוֹמָא,Yomo
<<the day —
כַּמָּהKammo
<<the more
דִּמְאַחֲרִינַןDimacharinan
<<that we delay
לֵיהּLeih
<<it,
עֲדִיף,Adif
<<the better,
כִּיKi
הֵיכִיHeichi
<<so that
דְּלָאDelo
<<not
לֶהֱוֵיLehevei
<<it be
עֲלַןAlan
<<upon us
כְּמַשּׂוֹי.Kemassoy
<<like a burden.
52a:8
וְסָבְרִיVesovri
And do hold
בֵּיתBeis
שַׁמַּאיShammay
<<Beis Shammai
בִּרְכַּתBirkas
הַמָּזוֹןHammozon
<<that Grace after Meals
טְעוּנָהTeuno
<<requires
כּוֹס?Kos
<<a cup?
וְהָאVeho
<<But didn't
תְּנַן:Tenan
<<we learn:
בָּאBo
<<[If] came
לָהֶםLohem
<<to them
יַיִןYayin
<<wine
לְאַחַרLeachar
<<after
הַמָּזוֹן,Hammozon
<<the food,
אִםIm
<<if
אֵיןEin
<<there is not
שָׁםShom
<<there
אֶלָּאEllo
<<except
אוֹתוֹOso
<<that
כּוֹס,Kos
<<cup,
בֵּיתBeis
שַׁמַּאיShammay
<<Beis Shammai
אוֹמְרִים:Omerim
<<say:
מְבָרֵךְMevoreiche
<<He blesses
עַלAl
<<over
הַיַּיִןHayyayin
<<the wine
וְאַחַרVeachar
כָּךְKoch
<<and afterward
מְבָרֵךְMevoreiche
<<he blesses
עַלAl
<<over
הַמָּזוֹן,Hammozon
<<the food.
מַאיMay
לָאוLov
<<Is it not
דִּמְבָרֵךְDimvoreiche
<<that he blesses
עִילָּוֵיהּIlloveih
<<over it
וְשָׁתֵיVeshosei
<<and drinks
לֵיהּ?Leih
<<it?
לָא,Lo
<<No,
דִּמְבָרֵךְDimvoreiche
<<that he blesses
עִילָּוֵיהּIlloveih
<<over it
וּמַנַּחVmannach
<<and sets
לֵיהּ.Leih
<<it down.
52a:9
וְהָאָמַרVehoomar
But didn't say
מָרMor
<<the Master:
הַמְבָרֵךְHamvoreiche
<<One who blesses
צָרִיךְTzorich
<<must
שֶׁיִּטְעוֹם!Sheyyitom
<<taste!
דְּטָעֵיםDeto'eim
<<That he tastes
לֵיהּ.Leih
<<it.
וְהָאָמַרVehoomar
<<But didn't say
מָרMor
<<the Master:
טְעָמוֹTe'omo
<<[If] he tasted it,
פְּגָמוֹ!Pegomo
<<he has blemished it!
דְּטָעֵיםDeto'eim
<<That he tastes
לֵיהּLeih
<<it
בִּידֵיהּ.Bideih
<<with his hand.
52a:10
וְהָאָמַרVehoomar
But didn't say
מָרMor
<<the Master:
כּוֹסKos
<<A cup
שֶׁלShel
<<of
בְּרָכָהBerocho
<<blessing
צָרִיךְTzorich
<<requires
שִׁעוּר,Shiur
<<a measure;
וְהָאVeho
<<and behold,
קָאKo
<<he is
פָּחֵיתPocheis
<<diminishing
לֵיהּLeih
<<it
מִשִּׁיעוּרֵיהּ!Mishiureih
<<from its measure!
דִּנְפִישׁDinfish
<<That there is more
לֵיהּLeih
<<for it [i.e., in it],
טְפֵיTefei
<<extra,
מִשִּׁיעוּרֵיהּ.Mishiureih
<<beyond its measure.
52a:11
וְהָאVeho
But surely
אִםIm
<<“if
אֵיןEin
<<there is not
שָׁםShom
<<there
אֶלָּאEllo
<<except
אוֹתוֹOso
<<that
כּוֹסKos
<<cup”
קָתָנֵי!Kosonei
<<it teaches!
תְּרֵיTerei
<<Two
לָאLo
<<not
הָוֵיHovei
<<are there,
וּמֵחַדVmeichad
<<and from one
נְפִישׁ.Nefish
<<it is more.
52a:12
וְהָאVeho
But surely
תָּנֵיTonei
<<taught
רַבִּיRabbi
חִיָּיא:Chiyyoy
<<Rabbi Chiya:
בֵּיתBeis
שַׁמַּאיShammay
<<Beis Shammai
אוֹמְרִיםOmerim
<<say:
מְבָרֵךְMevoreiche
<<He blesses
עַלAl
<<over
הַיַּיִןHayyayin
<<the wine
וְשׁוֹתֵהוּVeshoseihu
<<and drinks it,
וְאַחַרVeachar
כָּךְKoch
<<and afterward
מְבָרֵךְMevoreiche
<<he blesses
בִּרְכַּתBirkas
הַמָּזוֹן!Hammozon
<<Grace after Meals!
אֶלָּאEllo
<<Rather,
תְּרֵיTerei
<<two
תַּנָּאֵי,Tannoei
<<Tannaim [differ]
וְאַלִּיבָּאVeallibbo
<<and according to
דְּבֵיתDeveis
שַׁמַּאי.Shammay
<<Beis Shammai.
52a:13
בֵּיתBeis
שַׁמַּאיShammay
“Beis Shammai
אוֹמְרִיםOmerim
<<say,
וְכוּ׳.…
<<etc.”
52a:14
תָּנוּTonu
רַבָּנַן,Rabbonan
The Rabbis taught:
בֵּיתBeis
שַׁמַּאיShammay
<<Beis Shammai
אוֹמְרִים:Omerim
<<say:
נוֹטְלִיןNotelin
<<They take [water]
לַיָּדַיִםLayyodayim
<<for the hands
וְאַחַרVeachar
כָּךְKoch
<<and afterward
מוֹזְגִיןMozegin
<<they mix
אֶתEs
הַכּוֹס,Hakkos
<<the cup,
שֶׁאִםSheim
<<for if
אַתָּהAtto
<<you
אוֹמֵרOmeir
<<say
מוֹזְגִיןMozegin
<<they mix
אֶתEs
הַכּוֹסHakkos
<<the cup
תְּחִלָּה,Techillo
<<first,
גְּזֵרָהGezeiro
<<[there is] a decree
שֶׁמָּאShemmo
<<lest
יִטָּמְאוּYittomu
<<become impure
מַשְׁקִיןMashkin
<<the liquids
שֶׁאֲחוֹרֵיSheachorei
<<that are on the back of
הַכּוֹסHakkos
<<the cup
מֵחֲמַתMeichamas
<<because of
יָדָיו,Yodoyv
<<his hands,
וְיַחְזְרוּVeyachzru
<<and they in turn
וִיטַמְּאוּVitammeu
<<make impure
אֶתEs
הַכּוֹס.Hakkos
<<the cup.
52a:15
וְלִיטַּמּוּVelittammu
But let make impure
יָדַיִםYodayim
<<the hands
לְכוֹס!Lechos
<<the cup!
52a:16
יָדַיִםYodayim
Hands
שְׁנִיּוֹתShenios
<<second [degree]
הֵן,Hein
<<are they,
וְאֵיןVeein
<<and not
שֵׁנִיSheini
<<a second
עוֹשֶׂהOse
<<makes
שְׁלִישִׁיShelishi
<<a third
בְּחוּלִּיןBechullin
<<with non-sacred food
אֶלָּאEllo
<<except
עַלAl
יְדֵיYedei
<<by means of
מַשְׁקִין.Mashkin
<<liquids.
52a:17
וּבֵיתVveis
הִלֵּלHilleil
And Beis Hillel
אוֹמְרִים:Omerim
<<say:
מוֹזְגִיןMozegin
<<They mix
אֶתEs
הַכּוֹסHakkos
<<the cup
וְאַחַרVeachar
כָּךְKoch
<<and afterward
נוֹטְלִיןNotelin
<<they take [water]
לַיָּדַיִם.Layyodayim
<<for the hands,
שֶׁאִםSheim
<<for if
אַתָּהAtto
<<you
אוֹמֵרOmeir
<<say
נוֹטְלִיןNotelin
<<they take [water]
לַיָּדַיִםLayyodayim
<<for the hands
תְּחִלָּה,Techillo
<<first,
גְּזֵרָהGezeiro
<<[there is] a decree
שֶׁמָּאShemmo
<<lest
יִטָּמְאוּYittomu
<<become impure
מַשְׁקִיןMashkin
<<the liquids
שֶׁבַּיָּדַיִםShebbayyodayim
<<that are on the hands
מֵחֲמַתMeichamas
<<because of
הַכּוֹס,Hakkos
<<the cup,
וְיַחְזְרוּVeyachzru
<<and they in turn
וִיטַמְּאוּVitammeu
<<make impure
אֶתEs
הַיָּדַיִם.Hayyodayim
<<the hands.
52a:18
וְנִיטַּמֵּיVenittammei
But let make impure
כּוֹסKos
<<the cup
לְיָדַיִם!Leyodayim
<<the hands!
אֵיןEin
<<Not
כְּלִיKeli
<<a vessel
מְטַמֵּאMetammei
<<makes impure
אָדָם.Odom
<<a person.
52a:19
וְנִיטַּמֵּיVenittammei
But let it make impure
לְמַשְׁקִיןLemashkin
<<the liquids
שֶׁבְּתוֹכוֹ!Shebbesocho
<<that are inside it!
הָכָאHocho
<<Here
בִּכְלִיBichli
<<with a vessel
שֶׁנִּטְמְאוּShennitmu
<<that has become impure
אֲחוֹרָיוAchoroyv
<<on its back
בְּמַשְׁקִיןBemashkin
<<through liquids
עָסְקִינַן,Oskinan
<<we are dealing,
דְּתוֹכוֹDesocho
<<whose inside
טָהוֹרTohor
<<is pure
וְגַבּוֹVegabbo
<<and its outside
טָמֵא.Tomei
<<is impure.
דִּתְנַן:Disnan
<<As we learned:
כְּלִיKeli
<<A vessel
שֶׁנִּטְמְאוּShennitmu
<<that has become impure
אֲחוֹרָיוAchoroyv
<<on its back
בְּמַשְׁקִיןBemashkin
<<through liquids —
אֲחוֹרָיוAchoroyv
<<its back
טְמֵאִיםTemeiim
<<is impure;