From when

<<does one recite

<<the Shema

<<in the evenings?

<<From the hour

<<that the kohanim

<<enter

<<to eat

<<their terumah,

<<until

<<the end of

<<the watch

<<first —

<<the words of

<<Rabbi Eliezer.

And the Sages

<<say:

<<until

<<midnight.

Rabban Gamliel

<<says:

<<until

<<rises

<<the pillar of

<<dawn.

An incident:

<<and came

<<his sons

<<from the wedding feast;

<<they said to him:

<<we have not

<<recited

<<the Shema.

<<He said to them:

<<if

<<not

<<has risen

<<the pillar of

<<dawn,

<<obligated

<<you are

<<to recite.

<<And not

<<this

<<alone

<<did they say,

<<but rather

<<all

<<that

<<said

<<the Sages

<<“until

<<midnight,”

<<their mitzva is

<<until

<<rises

<<the pillar of

<<dawn.

The burning of

<<fats

<<and limbs —

<<their mitzva is

<<until

<<rises

<<the pillar of

<<dawn.

<<and all

<<that are eaten

<<for a day

<<one —

<<their mitzva is

<<until

<<rises

<<the pillar of

<<dawn.

<<If so,

<<why

<<did say

<<the Sages

<<“until

<<midnight”?

<<In order

<<to distance

<<a person

<<from

<<transgression.

GEMARA:

<<The tanna —

<<where

<<does he stand

<<that he teaches

<<“from when”?

And further:

<<why

<<does he teach

<<about the evening

<<first?

<<Let him teach

<<about the morning

<<first!

The tanna

<<on a verse

<<stands,

<<as it is written:

<<“when you lie down

<<and when you rise.”

<<And thus

<<he teaches:

<<the time of

<<the recitation of

<<Shema

<<of lying down —

<<when?

<<From the hour

<<that the kohanim

<<enter

<<to eat

<<their terumah.

And if you wish, say:

<<he learns

<<from the creation

<<of

<<the world,

<<as it is written:

<<“and there was

<<evening

<<and there was

<<morning,

<<day

<<one.”

If so,

<<the latter clause

<<that teaches:

<<“in the morning

<<one recites

<<two [blessings]

<<before it

<<and one

<<after it;

<<in the evening

<<one recites

<<two

<<before it

<<and two

<<after it” —

<<let him teach

<<about the evening

<<first!

The tanna

<<began

<<with the evening,

<<and then

<<taught

<<about the morning;

<<since

<<he stands

<<at the morning,

<<he explains

<<the matters

<<of the morning,

<<and then

<<he explains

<<the matters

<<of the evening.

Said

<<the master:

<<“from the hour

<<that the kohanim

<<enter

<<to eat

<<their terumah.”

<<Now,

<<kohanim —

<<when

<<do they eat

<<terumah?

<<From the time of

<<the emergence of

<<the stars.

<<Let him teach:

<<“from the time of

<<the emergence of

<<the stars”!

Something

<<in

<<passing

<<it teaches us:

<<kohanim —

<<when

<<do they eat

<<terumah?

<<From the time of

<<the emergence of

<<the stars.

<<And this

<<it teaches us:

<<that atonement

<<does not

<<prevent [him].

<<As it is taught:

<<“and comes

<<the sun

<<and is pure”:

<<the coming of

<<his sun

<<prevents him

<<from eating

<<terumah,

<<and not

<<his atonement

<<prevent him

<<from eating

<<terumah.

And from where

<<that this

<<“and comes

<<the sun

<<is the coming of

<<the sun,

<<and this

<<“and is pure”

<<is the clearing of

<<the day?