…for the proclamation.

<<And Rabbi Meir?

<<Proclamation

<<from ‘they shall hear

<<and fear’

<<is derived.

MISHNAH.

<<They divide [the payment]

<<in money,

<<but they do not

<<divide

<<in lashes.

<<How so?

<<[If] they testified about him

<<that he

<<owes

<<his fellow

<<two hundred

<<zuz,

<<and they were found

<<conspirators —

<<they divide it

<<among themselves.

<<But

<<if

<<they testified about him

<<that he

<<is liable to

<<a flogging of

<<forty,

<<and they were found

<<conspirators —

<<each

<<and every one

<<is flogged

<<forty.

GEMARA.

<<From where

<<are these

<<matters derived?

<<Said

<<Abaye:

<<it is stated

<<‘wicked’

<<regarding those liable to

<<lashes,

<<and it is stated

<<‘wicked’

<<regarding those liable to

<<the death penalties of

<<the court.

<<Just as

<<there

<<there is no

<<death

<<by halves,

<<so too

<<here

<<there are no

<<lashes

<<by halves.

Rava

<<said:

<<we require

<<‘as

<<he schemed

<<to do

<<to his brother,’

<<and that is absent.

<<If

<<so,

<<money

<<too!

<<Money

<<combines,

<<lashes

<<do not

<<combine.

MISHNAH.

<<The witnesses are not

<<made

<<conspirators

<<until

<<they incriminate

<<themselves.

How so?

<<[If] they said,

<<“We testify

<<about a certain man

<<that he killed

<<a person.”

<<[If] they said

<<to them:

<<“How can

<<you

<<testify?

<<For

<<the one killed

<<here,

<<or

<<the killer

<<here,

<<was

<<with us

<<that

<<day

<<in such-and-such a place!”

<<these are not

<<conspirators.

<<But

<<[if] they said

<<to them:

<<“How can

<<you

<<testify?

<<For

<<you

<<were

<<with us

<<that

<<day

<<in such-and-such a place!”

<<these

<<are conspirators,

<<and are executed

<<on their own testimony.

[If] there came

<<others

<<and incriminated them,

<<[and] there came

<<others

<<and incriminated them —

<<even

<<a hundred,

<<all of them

<<are executed.

<<Rabbi Yehuda

<<says:

<<a conspiracy

<<is

<<this,

<<and none is

<<executed

<<except

<<the group

<<first

<<alone.

GEMARA.

<<From where

<<are these

<<matters derived?

<<Said

<<Rav Ada:

<<for

<<the verse says:

<<‘and behold,

<<a witness

<<false,

<<the witness

<<falsely

<<testified’ —

<<until

<<the falsehood is in

<<the body

<<of

<<the testimony.

The school of

<<Rabbi Yishmael

<<taught:

<<‘to testify

<<against him

<<falsely’ —

<<until

<<the falsity is in

<<the body

<<of

<<the testimony.

Said

<<Rava:

<<[if] there came

<<two

<<and said,

<<‘on the east of

<<the castle

<<killed

<<so-and-so

<<a person,’

<<and there came

<<two

<<and said,

<<‘but were you not

<<on the west of

<<the castle

<<with us

<<then!’ —

<<we look:

<<if

<<as they stood

<<on the west of

<<the castle

<<they could

<<see

<<to the east of

<<the castle —

<<these are not

<<conspirators;

<<and if

<<not,

<<these

<<are conspirators.

Obvious!

<<Lest

<<you say:

<<let us be concerned

<<for light

<<that is strong —

<<it teaches

<<us [otherwise].

And said

<<Rava:

<<[if] there came

<<two

<<and said,

<<‘in Sura

<<in the morning

<<on Sunday

<<killed

<<so-and-so

<<a person,’

<<and there came

<<two

<<and said,

<<‘in the evening

<<on Sunday

<<with us

<<you were

<<in Nehardea!’ —

<<we look:

<<if

<<from morning

<<to evening

<<he could

<<travel

<<from Sura

<<to Nehardea —

<<they are not

<<conspirators;

<<and if

<<not,

<<they are

<<conspirators.

Obvious!

<<Lest

<<you say:

<<let us be concerned

<<for a camel

<<that flies —

<<[so]

<<it teaches

<<us [otherwise].

And said

<<Rava:

<<[if] there came

<<two

<<and said,

<<‘on Sunday

<<killed

<<so-and-so

<<a person,’

<<and there came

<<two

<<and said,

<<‘with us

<<you were

<<on Sunday;

<<rather

<<on Monday

<<killed

<<so-and-so

<<a person.’

<<And not

<<only that,

<<but

<<even

<<[if] they said,

<<‘on Friday

<<killed

<<so-and-so

<<a person’ —

<<they are executed,

<<for at the time

<<that

<<they testified,

<<the man

<<was not

<<liable to death

<<at all.

What

<<does

<<it teach

<<us?

<<We already learned it:

<<‘Therefore,

<<[if] is found

<<one

<<of them

<<a conspirator —

<<he

<<and they

<<are executed,

<<and the second [group]

<<is exempt.’

The latter clause,

<<‘what

<<is not

<<so

<<with the conclusion of the verdict,’

<<was necessary

<<for him:

<<[if] there came

<<two

<<and said,

<<‘on Sunday

<<was concluded

<<the verdict

<<of

<<so-and-so,’

<<and there came

<<two

<<and said,

<<‘on Sunday

<<with us

<<you were;

<<rather

<<on Friday

<<was concluded

<<the verdict

<<of

<<so-and-so.’

<<And not

<<only that,

<<but

<<even

<<[if] they said,

<<‘on Monday

<<was concluded

<<the verdict

<<of

<<so-and-so’ —

<<these are not

<<executed,

<<for at the time

<<that

<<they testified,

<<the man

<<liable to death

<<was.

And likewise

<<regarding

<<the payment of

<<a fine:

[If] there came

<<two

<<and said,

<<‘on Sunday

<<he stole

<<and slaughtered

<<and sold,’

<<and there came

<<two

<<and said,

<<‘on Sunday

<<with us

<<you were;

<<rather

<<on Monday

<<he stole

<<and slaughtered

<<and sold’ —

<<they pay.

<<And not

<<only that,

<<but

<<even

<<[if] they said,

<<‘on Friday

<<he stole

<<and slaughtered

<<and sold’ —

<<they pay,

<<for at the time

<<that

<<they testified,

<<the man

<<was not

<<liable to payment

<<at all.

[If] there came

<<two

<<and said,

<<‘on Sunday

<<he stole

<<and slaughtered

<<and sold,

<<and was concluded

<<his verdict,’

<<and there came

<<two

<<and said,

<<‘on Sunday

<<with us

<<you were;

<<rather

<<on Friday

<<he stole

<<and slaughtered

<<and sold,

<<and was concluded

<<his verdict,’

<<and not

<<only that,

<<but

<<even

<<[if] they said,

<<‘on Sunday

<<he stole

<<and slaughtered

<<and sold,

<<and on Monday

<<was concluded

<<his verdict’ —

<<they do not

<<pay,

<<for at the time

<<that

<<they testified,

<<the man

<<liable to payment

<<was.

Rabbi Yehuda

<<says:

<<a conspiracy

<<is

<<this,

<<etc.