מַסֶּכֶת מַכּוֹת
Makkos 21a · Gemara · Transliteration · Translation
21a:1
קָסָבַרKosovar
He holds,
רַבִּיRabbi
יוֹסֵי:Yosei
<<Rabbi Yosei:
שְׂרִיטָהSerito
<<a cut
וּגְדִידָהVgdido
<<and a gash
אַחַתAchas
<<one
הִיא,Hi
<<are,
וּכְתִיבVchsiv
<<and it is written
הָתָםHosom
<<there
״לְמֵת״.Lemeis
<<‘for the dead.’
21a:2
אָמַרOmar
שְׁמוּאֵל:Shemueil
Shmuel said:
הַמְשָׂרֵטHamsoreit
<<one who cuts
בִּכְלִיBichli
<<with an implement
חַיָּיב.Chayyoyv
<<is liable.
מֵיתִיבִי:Meisivi
<<They raised an objection:
שְׂרִיטָהSerito
<<a cut
וּגְדִידָהVgdido
<<and a gash
אַחַתAchas
<<one
הִיא,Hi
<<are,
אֶלָּאEllo
<<except
שֶׁשְּׂרִיטָהShesserito
<<that a cut
בַּיָּדBayyod
<<is by hand
וּגְדִידָהVgdido
<<and a gash
בִּכְלִי!Bichli
<<by an implement!
הוּאHu
<<He
דְּאָמַרDeomar
<<says
כְּרַבִּיKerabbi
יוֹסֵי.Yosei
<<like Rabbi Yosei.
21a:3
תָּנֵיTonei
Taught
תַּנָּאTanno
<<a tanna
קַמֵּיהּKammeih
<<before
דְּרַבִּיDerabbi
יוֹחָנָן:Yochonon
<<Rabbi Yochanan:
עַלAl
<<for
מֵת,Meis
<<the dead,
בֵּיןBein
<<whether
בַּיָּדBayyod
<<by hand
בֵּיןBein
<<or
בִּכְלִיBichli
<<by an implement,
חַיָּיב,Chayyoyv
<<he is liable;
עַלAl
<<for
עֲבוֹדָהAvodo
זָרָה,Zoro
<<idolatry,
בַּיָּדBayyod
<<by hand
חַיָּיב,Chayyoyv
<<he is liable,
בִּכְלִיBichli
<<by an implement
פָּטוּר.Potur
<<he is exempt.
וְהָאVeho
<<But
אִיפְּכָאIppecho
<<the opposite
כְּתִיב:Kesiv
<<is written:
״וַיִּתְגֹּדְדוּVayyisgodedu
<<‘and they gashed themselves
כְּמִשְׁפָּטָםKemishpotom
<<as was their custom
בַּחֲרָבוֹתBacharovos
<<with swords
וּבָרְמָחִים״!Vvormochim
<<and spears’!
אֶלָּאEllo
<<Rather,
אֵימָא:Eimo
<<say:
בַּיָּדBayyod
<<by hand
פָּטוּר,Potur
<<exempt,
בִּכְלִיBichli
<<by an implement
חַיָּיב.Chayyoyv
<<liable.
21a:4
וְחַיָּיבVechayyoyv
‘And he is liable
עַלAl
<<for
הָרֹאשׁ.Horosh
<<the head’ —
מַחְוֵיMachvei
<<pointed
רַבRav
שֵׁשֶׁתSheishes
<<Rav Sheshes
בֵּיןBein
<<between
פִּירְקֵיPirkei
<<the joints of
רֵישָׁא.Reisho
<<the head.
וְעַלVe'al
<<‘And for
הַזָּקָן,Hazzokon
<<the beard,
שְׁתַּיִםShettayim
<<two
מִכָּאןMikkon
<<from here
וּשְׁתַּיִםVshtayim
<<and two
מִכָּאןMikkon
<<from here
וְאַחַתVeachas
<<and one
מִלְּמַטָּה.Millematto
<<from below’ —
מַחְוֵיMachvei
<<pointed
רַבRav
שֵׁשֶׁתSheishes
<<Rav Sheshes
בֵּיןBein
<<between
פִּירְקֵיPirkei
<<the joints of
דִּיקְנָא.Dikno
<<the beard.
21a:5
רַבִּיRabbi
אֱלִיעֶזֶרEli'ezer
‘Rabbi Eliezer
אוֹמֵר:Omeir
<<says:
אִםIm
<<if
נְטָלָןNetolon
<<he removed them’
וְכוּ׳.…
<<etc.
קָסָבַר:Kosovar
<<He holds:
חַדChad
<<one
לָאוLov
<<prohibition
הוּא.Hu
<<it is.
21a:6
וְאֵינוֹVeeino
‘And he is not
חַיָּיבChayyoyv
<<liable
עַדAd
<<until
שֶׁיִּטְּלֶנּוּSheyyittelennu
<<he removes it
בְּתַעַר.Besa'ar
<<with a razor.’
תָּנוּTonu
רַבָּנַן:Rabbonan
<<The Rabbis taught:
״וּפְאַתVfas
<<‘and the corners of
זְקָנָםZekonom
<<their beard
לֹאLo
<<they shall not
יְגַלֵּחוּ״,Yegalleichu
<<shave’ —
יָכוֹלYochol
<<one might think
אֲפִילּוּAfillu
<<even
גַּלָּחוֹGallocho
<<if he shaved it
בְּמִסְפָּרַיִםBemisporayim
<<with scissors
יְהֵאYehei
<<he would be
חַיָּיב?Chayyoyv
<<liable?
תַּלְמוּדTalmud
לוֹמַר:Lomar
<<The verse teaches:
״לֹאLo
<<‘you shall not
תַשְׁחִית״.Sashchis
<<destroy.’
אִיI
<<If
״לֹאLo
<<‘you shall not
תַשְׁחִית״,Sashchis
<<destroy,’
יָכוֹלYochol
<<one might think
אִםIm
<<if
לִקְּטוֹLikketo
<<he plucked it
בְּמַלְקֵטBemalkeit
<<with tweezers
וּרְהִיטָנִיVrhitoni
<<or a plane
יְהֵאYehei
<<he would be
חַיָּיב?Chayyoyv
<<liable?
תַּלְמוּדTalmud
לוֹמַר:Lomar
<<The verse teaches:
״לֹאLo
<<‘they shall not
יְגַלֵּחוּ״.Yegalleichu
<<shave.’
21a:7
הָאHo
כֵּיצַדKeitzad
How so?
גִּילּוּחַGilluach
<<Shaving
שֶׁיֵּשׁSheyyeish
<<that has
בּוֹBo
<<in it
הַשְׁחָתָה,Hashchoso
<<destruction —
הֱוֵיHevei
<<hence
אוֹמֵרOmeir
<<say:
זֶהZe
<<this is
תַּעַר.Ta'ar
<<a razor.
21a:8
רַבִּיRabbi
אֱלִיעֶזֶרEli'ezer
‘Rabbi Eliezer
אוֹמֵר:Omeir
<<says:
אֲפִילּוּAfillu
<<even
לִקְּטוֹLikketo
<<if he plucked it
בְּמַלְקֵטBemalkeit
<<with tweezers
וּרְהִיטָנִיVrhitoni
<<or a plane
יְהֵאYehei
<<he would be
חַיָּיב.Chayyoyv
<<liable.’
מָהMo
נַפְשָׁךְ:Nafshoch
<<Whichever way you look at it:
אִיI
<<if
גְּמִירGemir
<<he received
גְּזֵירָהGezeiro
שָׁוָהShovo
<<the gezeirah shavah,
לִיבְעֵיLivei
<<let it require
תַּעַר,Ta'ar
<<a razor;
אִיI
<<if
לָאLo
<<he did not
גְּמִירGemir
<<receive
גְּזֵרָהGezeiro
שָׁוָהShovo
<<the gezeirah shavah,
מִסְפָּרַיִםMisporayim
<<scissors
נָמֵיNomei
<<too
[לָא]!Lo
<<[not]!
21a:9
לְעוֹלָםLeolom
Actually,
גְּמִירGemir
<<he received
גְּזֵרָהGezeiro
שָׁוָה,Shovo
<<the gezeirah shavah,
וְקָסָבַר:Vekosovar
<<and he holds:
הָנֵיHonei
<<these
נָמֵיNomei
<<too
גִּילּוּחַGilluach
<<shaving
עָבְדִי.Ovdi
<<accomplish.
Mishnah21a:10
מַתְנִי׳Mishna
MISHNAH:
הַכּוֹתֵבHakkoseiv
<<One who writes
כְּתוֹבֶתKesoves
קַעֲקַע.Ka'aka
<<a tattoo —
כָּתַבKosav
<<[if] he wrote
וְלֹאVelo
<<but did not
קִעֲקַע,Ki'aka
<<incise,
קִעֲקַעKi'aka
<<incised
וְלֹאVelo
<<but did not
כָּתַבKosav
<<write,
אֵינוֹEino
<<he is not
חַיָּיב,Chayyoyv
<<liable,
עַדAd
<<until
שֶׁיִּכְתּוֹבSheyyichtov
<<he writes
וִיקַעְקַעVikaka
<<and incises
(בְּיָדוֹ)Beyodo
[בִּדְיוֹ]Bidyo
<<(with his hand) [with ink]
וּבִכְחוֹלVvichchol
<<or with kohl
וּבְכׇלVvchol
<<or with any
דָּבָרDovor
<<thing
שֶׁהוּאShehu
<<that
רוֹשֵׁם.Rosheim
<<leaves a mark.
רַבִּיRabbi
שִׁמְעוֹןShimon
בֶּןBen
יְהוּדָהYehudo
<<Rabbi Shimon ben Yehuda
מִשּׁוּםMishum
<<in the name of
רַבִּיRabbi
שִׁמְעוֹןShimon
<<Rabbi Shimon
אוֹמֵר:Omeir
<<says:
אֵינוֹEino
<<he is not
חַיָּיבChayyoyv
<<liable
עַדAd
<<until
שֶׁיִּכְתּוֹבSheyyichtov
<<he writes
שָׁםShom
<<there
אֶתEs
הַשֵּׁם,Hasheim
<<the Name,
שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר:Shenneemar
<<as it is said:
״וּכְתֹבֶתVchsoves
<<‘and the writing of
קַעֲקַעKa'aka
<<an incision
לֹאLo
<<you shall not
תִתְּנוּSittenu
<<put
בָּכֶםBochem
<<on yourselves:
אֲנִיAni
<<I am
ה׳״.
<<Hashem.’
21a:11
גְּמָ׳Gemara
GEMARA:
אֲמַרAmar
<<Said
לֵיהּLeih
<<to him
רַבRav
אַחָאAcho
בְּרֵיהּBereih
דְּרָבָאDerovo
<<Rav Acha son of Rava
לְרַבLerav
אָשֵׁי:Oshei
<<to Rav Ashi:
עַדAd
<<until
דְּיִכְתּוֹבDeyichtov
<<he writes
״אֲנִיAni
ה׳״
<<‘I am Hashem’
מַמָּשׁ?Mammosh
<<literally?
אֲמַרAmar
<<He said
לֵיהּ:Leih
<<to him:
לָא.Lo
<<No;
כִּדְתָנֵיKidsonei
<<as taught
בַּרBar
קַפָּרָא:Kapporo
<<Bar Kappara:
אֵינוֹEino
<<he is not
חַיָּיבChayyoyv
<<liable
עַדAd
<<until
שֶׁיִּכְתּוֹבSheyyichtov
<<he writes
שֵׁםSheim
<<the name of
עֲבוֹדָהAvodo
זָרָה,Zoro
<<an idol,
שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר:Shenneemar
<<as it is said:
״וּכְתוֹבֶתVchsoves
<<‘and the writing of
קַעֲקַעKa'aka
<<an incision
לֹאLo
<<you shall not
תִתְּנוּSittenu
<<put
בָּכֶםBochem
<<on yourselves:
אֲנִיAni
<<I am
ה׳״
<<Hashem’ —
אֲנִיAni
ה׳,
<<I am Hashem,
וְלֹאVelo
<<and not
אַחֵר.Acheir
<<another.
21a:12
אָמַרOmar
רַבRav
מַלְכִּיָּאMalkiyyo
אָמַרOmar
רַבRav
אַדָּאAddo
בַּרBar
אַהֲבָה:Ahavo
Rav Malkiya said in the name of Rav Ada bar Ahava:
אָסוּרOsur
<<it is forbidden
לוֹLo
<<for
לְאָדָםLeodom
<<a person
שֶׁיִּתֵּןSheyyittein
<<to put
אֵפֶרEifer
מִקְלֶהMikle
<<burnt ashes
עַלAl
גַּבֵּיGabbei
<<upon
מַכָּתוֹ,Makkoso
<<his wound,
מִפְּנֵיMippenei
<<because
שֶׁנִּרְאֵיתShennireis
<<it looks
כִּכְתוֹבֶתKichsoves
קַעֲקַע.Ka'aka
<<like a tattoo.
אָמַרOmar
רַבRav
נַחְמָןNachmon
בְּרֵיהּBereih
דְּרַבDerav
אִיקָא:Iko
<<Rav Nachman son of Rav Ika said:
שַׁפּוּד,Shappud
<<the spit,
שְׁפָחוֹתShefochos
<<maidservants
וְגוּמוֹתVegumos
<<and dimples —
רַבRav
מַלְכִּיּוֹ,Malkio
<<Rav Malkiyo;
בְּלוֹרִית,Beloris
<<the forelock,
אֵפֶרEifer
מִקְלֶהMikle
<<burnt ashes
וּגְבִינָהVgvino
<<and cheese —
רַבRav
מַלְכִּיָּאMalkiyyo
<<Rav Malkiya.
21a:13
רַבRav
פָּפָּאPoppo
Rav Pappa
אָמַר:Omar
<<said:
מַתְנִיתִיןMasnisin
<<[statements on] the mishnah
וּמַתְנִיתָאVmasniso
<<and baraisa —
רַבRav
מַלְכִּיָּא,Malkiyyo
<<Rav Malkiya;
שְׁמַעְתָּתָאShematoso
<<[independent] teachings —
רַבRav
מַלְכִּיּוֹ.Malkio
<<Rav Malkiyo.
וְסִימָנָיךְ:Vesimonoych
<<And your mnemonic:
מַתְנִיתָאMasniso
<<the mishnah [is]
מַלְכְּתָא.Malkso
<<a queen.
מַאיMay
<<What
בֵּינַיְיהוּ?Beinayyhu
<<is between them?
אִיכָּאIkko
<<There is
בֵּינַיְיהוּBeinayyhu
<<between them
שְׁפָחוֹת.Shefochos
<<maidservants.
21a:14
רַבRav
בִּיבִיBivi
בַּרBar
אַבָּיֵיAbboyei
Rav Bivi bar Abaye
קָפֵידKofeid
<<was particular
אֲפִילּוּAfillu
<<even
אַרִיבְדָּאArivdo
<<about the wound
דְּכוּסִילְתָּא.Dechusilto
<<of bloodletting.
רַבRav
אָשֵׁיOshei
<<Rav Ashi
אָמַר:Omar
<<said:
כׇּלKol
מָקוֹםMokom
<<any place
שֶׁיֵּשׁSheyyeish
<<where there is
שָׁםShom
<<there
מַכָּהMakko
<<a wound,
מַכָּתוֹMakkoso
<<his wound
מוֹכִיחַMochiach
<<proves [the reason]
עָלָיו.Oloyv
<<for him.
Mishnah21a:15
מַתְנִי׳Mishna
MISHNAH:
נָזִירNozir
<<A nazir
שֶׁהָיָהShehoyo
<<who was
שׁוֹתֶהShose
<<drinking
יַיִןYayin
<<wine
כׇּלKol
הַיּוֹםHayyom
<<all day
אֵיןEin
<<is not
חַיָּיבChayyoyv
<<liable
אֶלָּאEllo
<<except
אַחַת.Achas
<<once;
אָמְרוּOmru
<<[if] they said
לוֹLo
<<to him:
״אַלAl
<<‘do not
תִּשְׁתֶּה״,Tishte
<<drink,’
״אַלAl
<<‘do not
תִּשְׁתֶּה״,Tishte
<<drink,’
וְהוּאVehu
<<and he
שׁוֹתֶהShose
<<drinks,
חַיָּיבChayyoyv
<<he is liable
עַלAl
<<for
כׇּלKol
אַחַתAchas
וְאַחַת.Veachas
<<each and every one.
הָיָהHoyo
<<[If] he was
מִטַּמֵּאMittammei
<<becoming impure
לְמֵתִיםLemeisim
<<from the dead
כׇּלKol
הַיּוֹםHayyom
<<all day,
אֵינוֹEino
<<he is not
חַיָּיבChayyoyv
<<liable
אֶלָּאEllo
<<except
אַחַת,Achas
<<once;
אָמְרוּOmru
<<[if] they said
לוֹLo
<<to him:
״אַלAl
<<‘do not
תִּטַּמֵּא״,Tittammei
<<become impure,’
״אַלAl
<<‘do not
תִּטַּמֵּא״,Tittammei
<<become impure,’
וְהוּאVehu
<<and he
מִטַּמֵּאMittammei
<<becomes impure,
חַיָּיבChayyoyv
<<he is liable
עַלAl
<<for
כׇּלKol
אַחַתAchas
וְאַחַת.Veachas
<<each and every one.
הָיָהHoyo
<<[If] he was
מְגַלֵּחַMegalleiach
<<shaving
כׇּלKol
הַיּוֹםHayyom
<<all day,
אֵינוֹEino
<<he is not
חַיָּיבChayyoyv
<<liable
אֶלָּאEllo
<<except
אַחַת,Achas
<<once;
אָמְרוּOmru
<<[if] they said
לוֹLo
<<to him:
״אַלAl
<<‘do not
תְּגַלֵּחַ״,Tegalleiach
<<shave,’
״אַלAl
<<‘do not
תְּגַלֵּחַ״,Tegalleiach
<<shave,’
וְהוּאVehu
<<and he
מְגַלֵּחַMegalleiach
<<shaves,
חַיָּיבChayyoyv
<<he is liable
עַלAl
<<for
כׇּלKol
אַחַתAchas
וְאַחַת.Veachas
<<each and every one.
21a:16
הָיָהHoyo
[If] he was
לָבוּשׁLovush
<<wearing
בְּכִלְאַיִםBechilayim
<<kilayim
כׇּלKol
הַיּוֹםHayyom
<<all day,
אֵינוֹEino
<<he is not
חַיָּיבChayyoyv
<<liable
אֶלָּאEllo
<<except
אַחַת,Achas
<<once;
אָמְרוּOmru
<<[if] they said
לוֹ:Lo
<<to him:
״אַלAl
<<‘do not
תִּלְבַּשׁ״,Tilbash
<<wear [it],’
״אַלAl
<<‘do not
תִּלְבַּשׁ״,Tilbash
<<wear [it],’
וְהוּאVehu
<<and he
פּוֹשֵׁטPosheit
<<takes off
וְלוֹבֵשׁVeloveish
<<and puts on,
חַיָּיבChayyoyv
<<he is liable
עַלAl
<<for
כׇּלKol
אַחַתAchas
וְאַחַת.Veachas
<<each and every one.